The "Miladinov Brothers" award is given for the best book of poetry published between two editions of the International Struga Poetry Evenings Festival. The Miladinov brothers, Dimitar and Konstantin, are renowned humanists, writers and educationists from the 19th century, born in the city of Struga.

The older one, Dimitar Miladinov, was a teacher and collector of popular songs and stories, and the younger one, Konstantin, is better known as a poet. During his studies in Moscow, he wrote the most famous romantic poem in the Macedonian language, "Longing for the South". This poem has become a symbol of the Festival, which traditionally opens with its verses read in several languages. The Miladinov brothers ended their lives tragically in the Ottoman prisons, sentenced unjustly for their cultural and educational mission among their people.

The "Miladinov Brothers" award was established in 1963, and the best book is selected after a publicly announced competition by the SPE Award Committee. The award is the most significant poetry prize in the Republic of Macedonia, recognized as a national poetry award.